Value of ocular trauma score and ocular structural parameters in the assessment of healing visual acuity from ocular trauma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To explore the value of ocular trauma score(OTS), initial visual acuity, and ocular structural parameters in the assessment of healing visual acuity from ocular trauma.METHOD: A total of 302 cases(302 eyes)of ocular trauma were selected as subjects, which were accepted and issued clear appraisal opinions by the Academy of Forensic Science from June 2015 to June 2021. The subjects were grouped according to the healing best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)from ocular trauma. Group Ⅰ included 63 cases(63 eyes)with BCVA <3.7; Group Ⅱ included 70 cases(70 eyes)with 3.7≤ BCVA <4.5; Group Ⅲ included 78 cases(78 eyes)with 4.5≤ BCVA <4.9; Group Ⅳ included 91 cases(91 eyes)with BCVA≥4.9. In addition, 77 cases(77 healthy eyes)of ocular trauma were selected as the control group, namely Group Ⅴ. The healing BCVA and ocular structural parameters from ocular trauma and theirs correlation were analyzed, and the random forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)model of healing visual acuity was established by the IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0.RESULTS: The initial visual acuity, OTS, the grading of corneas, lenses, and fundus, and the thickness of the retinal never fiber layer of ocular trauma patients were correlated with the healing BCVA(P<0.01). There were significant differences in ocular structural parameters among groups, except the central subfield thickness(P<0.001). The SVM model had higher accuracy of predicting healing visual acuity than the RF model, and the accuracy rate was over 80% when the error was within 0.15.CONCLUSION:OTS and ocular structural examination can provide effective information for the clinical forensic medicine appraisal of visual dysfunction after ocular trauma, and they are valuable in discriminating camouflage of visual dysfunction.

Bridging the structure gap between pellets in artificial dissolution media and in gastro-intestinal tract in rats

Changes in structure of oral solid dosage forms (OSDF) elementally determine the drug release and its therapeutic effects. In this research, synchrotron radiation X-ray micro-computed tomography was utilized to visualize the 3D structure of enteric coated pellets recovered from the gastrointestinal tract of rats. The structures of pellets in solid state and in vitro compendium media were measured. Pellets in vivo underwent morphological and structural changes which differed significantly from those in vitro compendium media. Thus, optimizations of the dissolution media were performed to mimic the appropriate in vivo conditions by introducing pepsin and glass microspheres in media. The sphericity, pellet volume, pore volume and porosity of the in vivo esomeprazole magnesium pellets in stomach for 2 h were recorded 0.47, 1.55 × 108 μm3, 0.44 × 108 μm3 and 27.6%, respectively. After adding pepsin and glass microspheres, the above parameters in vitro reached to 0.44, 1.64 × 108 μm3, 0.38 × 108 μm3 and 23.0%, respectively. Omeprazole magnesium pellets behaved similarly. The structural features of pellets between in vitro media and in vivo condition were bridged successfully in terms of 3D structures to ensure better design, characterization and quality control of advanced OSDF.

Effect of different structural parameters of filter rod on mechanical properties of new vena cava filter / 生物医学工程学杂志

The dynamic analysis of the implantation process of a new vena cava filter was carried out by finite element analysis method to reveal the influence of the angle, length, width and thickness of the filter rod on its mechanical properties and the inner wall of the blood vessel. The results showed that the high-stress and high-strain areas of the filter were mainly concentrated in the connection between the filter rod and the filter wire. With the increase of the angle of the filter rod, the maximum equivalent stress and the maximum elastic strain on the filter wall decreased, while the maximum equivalent stress on the vascular wall increased. With the increase of the length of the filter rod, the maximum equivalent stress and strain peak of the filter wall increased, but the maximum equivalent stress of the vessel wall decreased. With the increase of the width and thickness of the filter rod, the maximum equivalent stress of the filter wall, the maximum elastic strain and the maximum equivalent stress of the vessel wall all showed an upward trend. The static safety factor of all filter models was greater than 1, and the structure after implantation was safe and reliable. The results of this study are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the structural optimization and deformation mechanism of the new type vena cava filter.

Establishment of the quantitative structure-activity relationship between the structure of terpenoids and their enhancing drug penetration ability through human skin based on density functional theory / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) for predicting the percutaneous permeation enhancing activity of terpenoids, using the indexes of reactivity in molecules as the important descriptors. METHODS: The structural and thermodynamic parameters of 41 terpenoids were optimized using B3/LYP method of DFT at the level of 6-311 + + G (2d, p). The backward method in stepwise multiple regression was used to establish the QSAR model for predicting activities of terpenes that enhanced drug penetration through human skin. RESULTS: The multiple correlation coefficient (r) was determined to be 0.655 and the square cross validated correlation coefficient (RCV2) was determined to be 0. 654. The QSAR model indicated that the electrostatic potentials (VS,ta, VS,max, VS,min), chemical potential (X), thermal capacity (Cp), and dipole moment (D) of individual molecules could be responsible for the in vitro permeation enhancing abilities of terpenoids. CONCLUSION: The indexes of reactivity in molecules based on density functional theory can simulate more exactly the quantitative relationship between the structures of penetration enhancers and their percutaneous permeation enhancing abilities for drugs, which will facilitate reasonable explanation of the model.

Quantitative Relationship Between ~(13)C Nuclear Magnelic Resonance Chemical Shift and Structural Parameters of Acyclic Alcohol / 分析化学

A newly developed topological vector of atom Y_C, equilibrium electro-negativity of atom q_e, molecular structural information parameter[N_H~i(i=α, β)] and γ calibration parameter were used to describe the local chemical microenvironment of 63 acyclic alcoholic compounds. Quantitative structural spectrum relationships (QSSR) was systematically made on relationship between ~(13)C NMR chemical shifts of 353 carbon atoms and their molecular structure descriptors. By partial least square regression(PLS), the statistical results indicated that the model correlation coefficient and standard error were 0.9915 and 2.4827, respectively. And the average absolute error was only 2.01×10~(-6) between the calculated and experimental chemical shifts for 353 carbon atoms. To validate the estimation stability for internal samples and the predictive capability for external samples of resulting models, leave-molecule-out(LMO) cross validation(CV) and external validation were performed. Compared with the reported result, not only the number of descriptors employed in this study was much fewer, but also the calculation was much easier.

Changes in central program and structural parameter in motor learning / 体力科学

The purpose of this study is to examine how human performance organized by motor learning is reorganized through changes in the central program and structural parameter by using a tracking task of serial pattern.<BR>On the one hand, the subjects who had to adjust themselves to the changed central program (program group) tried to execute the corresponding switch responses coincident with light onsets in 20 trials in the first half and tried to complete perfectly with anticipatory response in 20 trials in the second half. On the other hand, the subjects who had to adjust themselves to the changed structural parameter (parameter group) tried to execute the corresponding switch responses coincident with light onsets in 40 trials. The serial patterns which subjects tracked were 352415 in the program group and 352415 in the first half of the parameter group and 352451 in the second half of that group. The stimulus interval (100 ms) and the interstimulus interval (400 ms) were always constant. The subjects were 20 right-handed female students, being randomly assigned to the 2 groups with 10 subjects respectively.<BR>In both groups, the proportion of correct responses amounted approximately to 7090% of the total response in the first half. Both groups increased the correct and anticipatory responses in the final phase of the first half. The program group, however, remarkably decreased the correct responses (7.03%) and markedly increased the anticipatory responses (42.16%) in the final phase of the second half. The program group in the first half was different from the one in the second half in structuring its own performance. In the parameter group, on the other hand, the performance in the final phase of the second half (anticipatory response : 25.00%) was higher than that of the first half (anticipatory response : 4.46%) although the performance without anticipatory response in the initial phase of the second half was lower than the one in the final phase of the first half. This finding was taken as an order through fluctuation.